Critical challenges and emerging opportunities in hepatitis C virus research in an era of potent antiviral therapy: Considerations for scientists and funding agencies

•New direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) eliminate persistent hepatitis C virus infection in >95% of patients.•DAAs are so successful, some question the need for continued research.•Critical public health, translational and clinical challenges remain.•A vaccine that prevents chronic infection is essential for global HCV eradication.•A unique research “toolbox” offers opportunities that warrant sustained funding.