Microstrip antenna for radiation pattern reconfigurability

A microstrip patch Antenna with different radiation patterns reconfigurability is proposed. The antenna operates at a resonant frequency of 2.4 GHz and consists of two layers of Rogers TMM4 with a relative permittivity of 4.5 and loss tangent of 0.002. The substrate size is 100 × 116 mm ² and the height of each substrate is 1.524 mm. The results investigate the scattering parameter S11 and the radiation patterns due to different combinations of the operating diodes that are biased. The antenna could switch between three different pattern shapes with different beam orientation and power levels and achieve a maximum gain of 6.9 dB.