Tunable microwave metamaterials based on ordinary water

All-dielectric metamaterials are the growing trend in optics and electromagnetics. They require materials with high permittivity, for example silicon in photonics. Aiming the microwaves range we present here water as a unique substance for employing in metamaterials design. Dependence of water parameters on temperature and easy reconfiguring of the shape of unit elements make water metamaterials promising direction. We report here on focusing and guiding effects in arrays of water-filled elements, which can be tuned either by heating or mechanical means, that is deformation and rotation.