The Effect of Workplace Climate on Employee Performance of Selected Deposit Money Banks in Kano Metropolis

IntroductionThe term u0027Corporate Social Responsibilityu0027 (CSR) is becoming familiar to the people working in business and financial organizations all over the world by virtue of fast communication and the phenomenon of globalization. CSR serves as a tool for the improvement of the society or community where organizations operate. In the present business world largely influenced by the phenomenon of globalization, corporate reputation has acquired much significance. The stakeholders of business companies have changed the trends of power balance with the outcome that power is now shifting into the hand of the stakeholders (employees, customers, shareholders etc.).Although the basic function of the banking institutions is to earn profit through the money deposited and invested by their customers, as corporate member of a community it becomes their ethical, if not legal, obligation to look after the community in terms of welfare and support. The CSR can hence be viewed with a two dimensional approach where on one hand the business profit is to be shared with the community concerned and on the other the CSR performance develops a positive image of the organization engaged in CSR. Waddock and Graves (1997) suggest that CSR positively affects profitability and at the same time profitability has a positive impact on CSR. This phenomenon will be examined for its application and effect in the environment of Pakistan.Research MethodThis article will explore into the Impact of corporate social responsibility on the reputation of the banks. The qualitative method of research is adopted for the application on this research paper. The theoretical approach in this study is the assumption that banks earn profit from people (the community) and therefore this community deserves to share the profits in the form of CSR. In the case of Pakistani banksu0027 involvement in the CSR and the resultant impact on the banks is fairly observable, and hence a qualitative method is considered for application on this paper.Literature ReviewIt would be important to make a mention of theories of CSR i.e. the social contracts theory, the legitimacy theory and the enlightened value maximization theory. Donalds and Dunfree (1999) see the social contracts theory of CSR at micro and macro levels which point to the volume of involvement and responsibility programs shares by organizations. The legitimacy theory speaks of legitimization of CSR and attempts to explain the activities of CSR by communicating the benefits of companiesu0027 involvement and the changing business trends. Suchman (1995) identifies the challenges of gaining, maintaining and repairing legitimacy in the legitimacy theory of CSR. Zadek (2004) emphasizes that organizations need to responsibly use the power given to them by the society. As for the enlightened value maximization theory of CSR, Amalric and Hauser (2005) consider that organizations can uphold stakeholders interest by sustained organizational values. Moir (2001) suggests that the economic status of a firm can be the scale to decide whether the firm ought to involve in the performance of CSR.In the opinion of Mullerat (2010), u0027Reputation is a perception of the public toward a person or organization. It is an important factor in many fields, such as business, professional, and even social life. It can refer to the reputation of an individual, a group of people, a culture or a nation.u0027 This implies that corporate social responsibility takes into its fold a significant segment of a society. In the developed and the developing countries the perception of CSR may be different, based on the social values of the two types of societies.According to Carrol and Buchholtz (2000), Corporate social responsibilities encompass the economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic expectations placed on organization by society at a given point in timeu0027. This concept of corporate social responsibility seems to be the outcome of a model of corporate social responsibility illustrated in the form of a pyramid (Carroll, 1991). …