Earthworm communities in arable fields and restored field margins, as related to management practices and surrounding landscape diversity

•Presence of restored field margins enhances earthworm diversity at landscape level.•Soil properties, field margin management and surrounding landscape explain earthworm communities in field margins.•In arable fields only management is a significant environmental filter explaining earthworm communities.•Earthworm-friendly management of arable fields is needed to restore more diverse communities that can benefit farming.