Advances in the prevention of delayed rejection in pig-to-primate cardiac xenotransplantation

Objectives: A period of 90 days of a life-supporting cardiac xenograft in the absence of complications due to excessive immunosuppressive therapy is considered as a prerequisite for clinical application of cardiac xenotransplantation. We aimed to achieve consistent and prolonged control of delayed xenograft rejection resulting in a longer duration of xenograft function using a clinically acceptable immunosuppressive regimen.