Test beam performance measurements for the Phase i upgrade of the CMS pixel detector

M. Dragicevic,M. Friedl, J. Hrubec, H. Steininger,A. Gädda,J. Härkönen,T. Lampén,P. Luukka,T. Peltola,E. Tuominen,E. Tuovinen,A. Winkler, P. Eerola,Tuure Tuuva,G. Baulieu, G. Boudoul, L. Caponetto,C. Combaret, D. Contardo, T. Dupasquier, G. Gallbit, N. Lumb, L. Mirabito,S. Perries,M. Vander Donckt,S. Viret, C. Bonnin, L. Charles,L. Gross, J. Hosselet, D. Tromson,Lutz Feld, W. Karpinski, K. Klein, M. Lipinski, G. Pierschel, M. Preuten, Max Philip Rauch, M. Wlochal, M. Aldaya,C. Asawatangtrakuldee, K. Beernaert, D. Bertsche, C. Contreras-Campana, G. Eckerlin,D. Eckstein, T. Eichhorn,E. Gallo,J. Garay Garcia,K. Hansen, Mykyta Haranko,Ali Harb, J. Hauk,James Keaveney, A. Kalogeropoulos, C. Kleinwort, W. Lohmann, R. Mankel, H. Maser,G. Mittag, C. Muhl,A. Mussgiller, D. Pitzl,O. Reichelt, Mykola Savitskyi, Paul Schütze, V. Sola, S. Spannagel,R. Walsh, A. Zuber, H. Biskop, P. Buhmann, M. CentisVignali,Erika Garutti,J. Haller, M. Hoffmann,R. Klanner, T. Lapsien, M. Matysek, A. Perieanu,Christian Scharf, P. Schleper, A. Schmidt,Joern Schwandt, Jory Sonneveld, G. Steinbrück,Benedikt Vormwald, J. Wellhausen, M. Abbas, C. Amstutz, T. Barvich, C. Barth, F. Boegelspacher,W. De Boer, E. Butz, M. Casele, F. Colombo, A. Dierlamm, B. Freund, F. Hartmann,S. M. Heindl, U. Husemann, A. Kornmeyer, S. Kudella, T. Müller,H. J. Simonis, P. Steck,M. Weber,T. Weiler, T. Kiss, F. Sikler, T. Tolyhi, V. Veszpremi, P. Cariola, D. Creanza,M. De Palma,G. De Robertis, L. Fiore, M. Franco, F. Loddo, G. Sala,L. Silvestris,G. Maggi,Salvatore My,G. Selvaggi, S. Albergo, G. Cappello,S. Costa,A. Di Mattia,F. Giordano, R. Potenza,M. A. Saizu, A. Tricomi,C. Tuve, E. Focardi,Mauro Emanuele Dinardo,S. Fiorendi,S. Gennai,S. Malvezzi,R. A. Manzoni,D. Menasce, L. Moroni,D. Pedrini,P. Azzi, N. Bacchetta, D. Bisello, Martino Dall'Osso,N. Pozzobon,M. Tosi,L. Alunni Solestizi, M. Biasini,G. M. Bilei,C. Cecchi,B. Checcucci,Diego Ciangottini,Livio Fanò,Christos Gentsos, M. Ionica,Roberto Leonardi, E. Manoni,G. Mantovani,S. Marconi,Valentina Mariani,M. Menichelli,Atanu Modak,A. Morozzi,Francesco Moscatelli,D. Passeri,P. Placidi, V. Postolache, A. Rossi,A. Saha,A. Santocchia,Loriano Storchi, D. Spiga,K. Androsov, P. Azzurri,G. Bagliesi, A. Basti,T. Boccali, L. Borrello, F. Bosi, R. Castaldi, M. Ceccanti, M. A. Ciocci, R. Dell'Orso,S. Donato,G. Fedi, A. Giassi, M. T. Grippo,F. Ligabue,G. Magazzu, P. Mammini, F. Mariani, E. Mazzoni, A. Messineo, A. Moggi, F. Morsani,F. Palla, F. Palmonari, A. Profeti, F. Raffaelli, A. Ragonesi,A. Rizzi, A. Soldani,P. Spagnolo, R. Tenchini,G. Tonelli,A. Venturi, P. G. Verdini, D. Abbaneo,I. Ahmed, E. Albert,G. Auzinger,G. M. Berruti, J. Bonnaud, J. Daguin,A. D'Auria, S. Detraz,O. Dondelewski, B. Engegaard,F. Faccio,N. Frank, K. Gill, A. Honma, A. Kornmayer, A. Labaza, F. Manolescu, I. Mcgill,S. Mersi, S. Michelis, A. Onnela, M. Ostrega, S. Pavis, A. Peisert, J. F. Pernot, P. Petagna, H. Postema, K. Rapacz, C Sigaud,P. Tropea, J. Troska, A. Tsirou, F Vasey, B. Verlaat,P. Vichoudis, L. Zwalinski, F. Bachmair, R. Becker, D Di Calafiori, B. Casal,Pirmin Berger, L. Djambazov, M. Donegà, C. Grab,D. Hits, J. Hoss,G. Kasieczka, W. Lustermann, B. Mangano, M. Marionneau,P. Martinez Ruiz del Arbol, M. Masciovecchio, Maren Tabea Meinhard, L. Perozzi, U. Roeser, A. Starodumov,Vittorio Raoul Tavolaro,Rainer Wallny,De Hua Zhu, C. Amsler, K. Bösiger, L. Caminada,F. Canelli,V. Chiochia,A. De Cosa, C. Galloni, T. Hreus, B. Kilminster,C. Lange, R. Maier,J. Ngadiuba, D. Pinna, P. Robmann, S. Taroni,Yong Yang, W. Bertl, K. Deiters, W. Erdmann, R. Horisberger, H. C. Kaestli, D. Kotlinski, U. Langenegger,Beat H. Meier, T. Rohe, S. Streuli, P. Chen, C. Dietz,F. Fiori, U. Grundler, W.-S. Hou,R.-S. Lu,M. Miñano Moya, Jui-fa Tsai, Y. M. Tzeng, D. Cussans,J. Goldstein,M. Grimes, Dave M Newbold,Pr Hobson,Ivan Reid, R. Bainbridge, P. D. Dauncey,Geoffrey Hall, T. James, A.-M. Magnan, M. Pesaresi, D. M. Raymond,Kirika Uchida, T. Durkin,Kristian Harder, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, M. Chertok,J. Conway, R. Conway, C. Flores, R. Lander, D. Pellett,F. Ricci-Tam, M. Squires, J. Thomson, R. Yohay, K. Burt, James M. Ellison, G. Hanson, M. Olmedo,Weinan Si,Brent Yates,A. Dominguez,R. Bartek, B. Bentele, J. P. Cumalat,W. T. Ford, F. Jensen,Andrew Johnson,M. Krohn, S. Leontsinis, T. Mulholland,Kevin Stenson, S. R. Wagner, Artur Apresyan, G. Bolla, K. Burkett, J. N. Butler, A. Canepa,H. W. K. Cheung, D. Christian, W. E. Cooper,G. Deptuch, G. Derylo, C. Gingu, S. Grünendahl,S. Hasegawa, J. Hoff, J. Howell, M. Hrycyk, S. Jindariani, M. Johnson, F. Kahlid, S. Kwan, C.M. Lei, R. Lipton,R. Lopes De Sá,T. Liu, S. Los, M. Matulik, P. Merkel, S. Nahn, Alan Prosser, R. Rivera, B. Schneider, G. Sellberg, A. Shenai, K. Siehl, L. Spiegel,N. V. Tran, L. Uplegger, E. Voirin,D. Berry,Xuan Chen, L. Ennesser, A. Evdokimov, C. E. Gerber, S. Makauda, C. Mills,I. D. Sandoval Gonzalez, J. Alimena,L. Antonelli, B. Francis,Andrew Hart, C. Hill, N. Parashar,J. Stupak,D. Bortoletto,M. Bubna, N. Hinton,M. Jones,D. H. Miller, X. Shi, P. Baringer, A. Bean, S. Khalil, A. Kropivnitskaya,D. Majumder, Erich Schmitz,G. W. Wilson,A. Ivanov, R. Mendis, Tyler Mitchell,N. Skhirtladze,Richard Taylor, I. Anderson,D. Fehling,A. V. Gritsan, P. Maksimovic, C. Martin, K. Nash, M. Osherson, M. Swartz, M. Xiao,J. G. Acosta, L. Cremaldi, S. Oliveros, L. Perera, D. J. Summers,K. Bloom, D. Claes, C. Fangmeier,R. Gonzalez Suarez, J. Monroy, Joaquin Emilo Siado, E. Bartz, Y. Gershtein, E. Halkiadakis,Savvas Kyriacou, A. Lath, S. Schnetzer, R. Stone,M. Walker, S. Malik, S. Norberg,J. E. Ramirez Vargas, M. Alyari, J. Dolen, A. Godshalk, Charles Harrington, I. Iashvili, A. Kharchilava,Duong Nguyen,Ashley Parker, S. Rappoccio, Bahareh Roozbahani, J. P. Alexander, J. Chaves, J. Chu, S. Dittmer, Kevin Mcdermott, N. Mirman,A. Rinkevicius, A. Ryd, E. Salvati,L. Skinnari, L. Soffi,Zhengcheng Tao, J. Thom, J. Tucker,Margaret Zientek,B. Akgun,K. M. Ecklund, Matthew Kilpatrick, T. Nussbaum, J. Zabel, P. D'Angelo, W. Johns, K. Rose

JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION(2017)

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摘要
A new pixel detector for the CMS experiment was built in order to cope with the instantaneous luminosities anticipated for the Phase I Upgrade of the LHC. The new CMS pixel detector provides four-hit tracking with a reduced material budget as well as new cooling and powering schemes. A new front-end readout chip mitigates buffering and bandwidth limitations, and allows operation at low comparator thresholds. In this paper, comprehensive test beam studies are presented, which have been conducted to verify the design and to quantify the performance of the new detector assemblies in terms of tracking efficiency and spatial resolution. Under optimal conditions, the tracking efficiency is (99.95 +/- 0.05) %, while the intrinsic spatial resolutions are (4.80 +/- 0.25) mu m and (7.99 +/- 0.21) mu m along the 100 mu m and 150 mu m pixel pitch, respectively. The findings are compared to a detailed Monte Carlo simulation of the pixel detector and good agreement is found.
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关键词
Particle tracking detectors (Solid-state detectors),Solid state detectors,Radiation-hard detectors
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