Density filtered Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for highly concentrated solutions

Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) is widely used to detect and quantify diffusion processes at the molecular level. The molecules of which diffusion is studied are marked with fluorescent dyes. It is commonly maintained that this technique only applies to systems where the concentration of fluorescent molecules is low. Even if this is the optimal operational condition, we show that FCS can be used also at high concentrations of fluorescent molecules: the initial condition of very bad signal to noise ratio (SNR) can be hampered by suitable statistical averaging, as usual in other contexts of signal analysis.