Frequency of inherited congenital anomalies of arms and feet in sample of newborns in Tuzla Canton (Bosnia and Herzegovina)

Genetic burden size estimation of the world population and its individual components has a great theoretical and practical (medical) significance, and genetic determinators of congenital defects represent one of its most interesting components. Congenital anomaly of fists and feet may occur in different forms. In this paper we studied the incidence of syndactyly (syndactylia), clinodactyly (clynodactylia) and polydactyly (polydactylia) in a sample of newborns of Tuzla Canton. Data were collected at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of University Clinical Center in Tuzla. The main source of needed information was disease history of mothers and newborns. The observed anomalies were registered by first pediatric examination of newborns. The study included 8419 infants (4335 males and 4084 females) of which 7793 passed and 626 undelivered newborns, born during the time period 2007 - 2008 year. The total incidence of anomalies in the analyzed sample was 0,23%, of which the relative frequency of polydactyly is 0,05%, syndactyly 0,07% and clinodactyly 0,11%. The highest frequency of the studied anomalies was observed in the subsample of undelivered newborns (0,80%), and in the subsample of delivered newborns was 0,18%. Comparison of our data with literature data showed that the frequency of observed anomalies falls in the range of variation of parameters investigated in other populations.