Simulation of convective flow and thermal conditions during ultrasonic treatment of an Al-2Cu alloy
Computational Materials Science(2017)
Abstract
•A new approach to simulating the effect of ultrasonics on convection and thermal gradients has been developed.•The simulation shows that colder sonotrode during ultrasonic treatment creates a favourable environment for crystal nucleation on or near the radiation surface.•The convection transports all grains formed on or near the sonotrode into the bulk of the melt and creates a low temperature gradient throughout the melt which favours the formation of an equiaxed grain structure.•Convection is dampened with an increase of the solid fraction.
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Key words
Aluminium alloy,Grain refinement,Acoustic streaming,Solidification
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