Determination of Fructose, Glucose and Sucrose in Taif Grape using High Performance Liquid Chromatography and analysis of mineral salts

The major components in grape are water followed by sugars mainly fructose, glucose and sucrose. Grape is an excellent source of many nutrients able to contribute to a healthy diet. It is a good source of organic acid, sugars, elements and phenolic compounds. The monosaccharide is one of the most important parameters for the assessment of the commercial quality of the fruits for human and industrial used. Taif is the first leading grape producers in Saudi Arabia. In our knowledge there has been no research on the Taif grape. In this study we will assessed for the first time fructose, glucose, sucrose as well as some elements such as potassium, sodium and iron in Taif grape. High Performance Liquid Chromatography HPLC will be used combined with Sugar Pak-1 column and Refractometer as detector. Optimized conditions for several parameter (temperature of the column, kinds of the mobile phase, flow rate of the mobile phase and the size of the injection loop were studied. We used the deionized water the method of extraction of sugars and trace elements by means of an ultrasonic bath. The mineral elements such as Fe, Cu, K and Na were analyzed by atomic absorption and flame photometry. This paper describes a detailed procedure for the analysis of fructose, glucose, sucrose and mineral salts in Taif grape. The results can be confirmed the three sugars separated successfully after optimization of the condition of the instrument using univariate method of optimization.