Appropriate anaesthesia technology for improved access to surgical services in resource constrained facilities in Northern Nigeria: A pilot study of the Universal Anaesthesia Machine

Background: The provision of safe anesthesia in developing countries is often challenging due to multiple health systems and infrastructural challenges. We explored the suitability and reliability of the Universal Anaesthesia Machine (UAM) in Northern Nigeria. Patients and Methods: Over an 18-month period from 1 st June 2012 to 30 th November 2013, Nurse anesthetists and biomedical technicians were trained on the use, maintenance, and installation of the UAM in the study facilities. Patients requiring general anesthesia (GA) were then randomly assigned to the UAM or other forms of GA. Availability, ease of ues ans safety were monitored. Results: A total of 1562 patients had anesthesia administered with 54.8% using UAM. Cesarean section due to obstructed labor was the most common indication. There was no malfunctioning of the UAM and its use was preferred over other forms of GA. Complications were less than with other form of GA provided by the same staff. Conclusion: The UAM is suitable for health facilities with limited equipment and manpower. It has the potential to improve access to surgery and emergency obstetric care as it can be safely used by non-physician anesthetists.