Green Synthesis Of Gold Nanoparticle Using Hygrophila Spinosa T. Anders Leaf Extract And Evaluation Of Hematopoietic-Antioxidant Properties In Swiss Albino Male Mice

"Green synthesis" of nanoparticles is of great interest owing to their environmentally benign products. In the present study, the leaf extract of medicinally important herb Hygrophila spinosa (HS) was used to synthesize gold nanoparticles (HS-GNP) and its physico-chemical characteristics were determined by UV-VIS spectra, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence activity. Iron deficiency anemia was developed in animals by blood loss method. Hematological and antioxidant properties of HS-GNP were evaluated in Swiss male albino mice model. UV-visible spectra showed maximum absorbance of HS-GNP at 535 nm. Hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential of HS-GNP were found to be 100-120 nm and -18.27 mV, respectively. Fluorescent activity of HS was significantly quenched after the formation of HS-GNP. TEM image showed the size of HS-GNP to be 15-20 nm. HS-GNP increased hemoglobin percentage, total count of RBC, hematocrit value, serum iron concentration and decreased total iron binding capacity in experimental anemic mice. Anti-oxidant levels (reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity) were increased significantly (P < 0.05) after treatment with HS-GNP in anemic mice. Lipid peroxidation was significantly lowered (P < 0.05) in anemic mice. Anemia-induced changes in morphology of RBC were restored in HS-GNP treated group. The therapeutic efficacy of HS-GNP was > native HS leaf extract. Further studies regarding molecular action of HS-GNP are warranted.