Anti-inflammatory Effect of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Peel Extract and its Compounds in LPS-induced RAW264.7 Cells

Inflammation plays an important role in host defense against external stimuli such as infection bypathogen, endotoxin or chemical exposure by the production of the inflammatory mediators that produced bymacrophage. Anti-inflammatory factor is important to treat the dangers of chronic inflammation associated withchronic disease. This research aims to analyze the anti-inflammatory effects of Garcinia mangostana L. peel extract(GMPE), α-mangostin, and in LPS-induced murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) by inhibitingthe production of inflammatory mediators. The cytotoxic assay of G. mangostana L. extract, α-mangostin, and γ-mangostin were performed by MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) to determine the safe and non-toxic concentration in RAW 264.7 for the further assay. Theconcentration of inflammatory mediators (COX-2, IL-6, and IL-1β) were measured by the ELISA-based assay andNO by the nitrate/nitrite colorimetric assay in treated LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. The inhibitory activity wasdetermined by the reducing concentration of inflammatory mediators in treated LPS-induced RAW 264.7 over theuntreated cells. This research revealed that GMPE, α-mangostin, and possess the anti-inflammatoryeffect by reducing COX-2, IL-6, IL-1β, and NO production in LPS-induces RAW 264.7 cells.