New records of Pythium (Oomycetes, Straminipila) for South America based on morphological and molecular data

Five Pythium species are recorded for the first time in South America. Morphological and phylogenetic analyses (LSU and ITS rDNA regions) confirmed the identification of P. grandisporangium, P. kashmirense, P. oopapillum, P. segnitium and P takayamanum. Moreover, this is the second record of P takayamanum in the world. The species were isolated from different samples, such as soil, seawater, substrates used in hydroponics and roots of hydroponic crops in Brazil. The asexual reproduction of P. segnitium is documented for the first time and detailed descriptions and illustrations of all species are provided.