Optimized Growth of Tetra-Needlelike ZnO Whiskers in the Atmosphere for Field-Emission Digital Tube Application

Tetra-needlelike ZnO (T-ZnO) whiskers were directly synthesized by thermal oxidation in the atmosphere. The issue of large variations in morphology, purity, and field-emission performance was found to be greatly relieved through the optimization of the growth temperature, to balance the effects of increasing saturated vapor pressure (Ps) of zinc and decreasing oxygen content (nO2) with increasing ...