Efficacy and safety of TC dose-dense chemotherapy as first-line treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer: a single-institution retrospective cohort study.

Background The optimal first-line therapy of advanced ovarian cancer still remains questionable: standard paclitaxel-carboplatin (TC), dose-dense TC, intraperitoneal chemotherapy or TC plus bevacizumab. In this study, we present the real-life results of dose-dense treatment of the single-institution on Caucasian population. Methods A retrospective cohort study was used on consecutive samples of 74 patients treated with the conventional 3-weekly TC protocol (2008-11) and on 70 treated with TC dose-dense protocol (2012-16). The primary endpoint of this study was overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints were progression free-survival (PFS) and toxicity. We made adjustments for age, pathohistological type, tumor grade, stage and postoperative residual disease by Cox regression. Results After adjustment for pre-planned clinical and sociodemographic factors, patients treated with dose-dense protocol showed a significantly lower hazard for dying from any cause, than patients treated with conventional protocol (HR = 0.50; 95% CI 0.26-0.98; P = 0.042). Median OS, at 60 months follow-up had not been reached in the dose-dense group, while in the standard treatment group was 48 months (95% CI 33-62). Unadjusted PFS was significantly longer in the dose-dense group (HR = 0.58; 95% CI 0.38-0.88; P = 0.011), but not after the adjustment (P = 0.096). Generally, the level of toxicity was similar in both groups of patients. The need for blood transfusions and usage of filgrastim was significantly higher in the TC dd group. The incidence of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia Grade 3 or 4 were not significantly different in both regimens. Conclusions Our retrospective study has shown the superior efficacy and comparable toxicity of dose-dense chemotherapy regimen over the conventional regimen in treatment of ovarian cancer on Caucasian population at a single-institution.