Aspergillus galactomannan detection in comparison to a real-time PCR assay in serum samples from a high-risk group of patients.

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a severe infection with a 70% mortality rate. Aspergillus fumigatus is responsible for over 90% of those infections. The diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis is based on clinical sample culture and detection of fungal hyphae in histopathological examination. Additional tests may include the detection of the galactomannan antigen and of fungal genetic material in serum and bronchoalveolar washings. The present study was to assess the use of these two rapid tests in the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis: serological one to detect the galactomannan antigen (ELISA assay), and real-time PCR, and to establish a possible correlation between these two methods.