Effect of adiponectin-encoding gene ADIPOQ single nucleotide polymorphisms +45 and +276 on serum lipid levels after antiretroviral therapy in Japanese patients with HIV-1-infection.

Objectives To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the adiponectin-encoding gene ADIPOQ and changes in serum lipid levels in HIV-1-infected patients after antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods ART-naive HIV-1-infected patients were recruited to this prospective analysis. SNP +45 and SNP +276 genotype was determined by direct sequencing. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to analyse the effects of genotype, and predisposing conditions on serum total cholesterol and triglyceride in the 4 months before and after ART initiation. Results The study enrolled 78 patients with HIV-1-infection (73 male, five female; age range 22-67 years). HIV-1 viral load 5 log(10) copies/ml, baseline total cholesterol 160mg/dl, and CD4(+) lymphocyte count <200/mu l were associated with increased serum total cholesterol levels after ART initiation. Protease inhibitor treatment and body mass index 25kg/m(2) were associated with increased triglyceride levels after ART initiation. There were no significant associations between SNP +45 or SNP +276 genotype and serum total cholesterol or triglyceride levels. Conclusions SNP +45 and SNP +276 genotype is not associated with changes in serum total cholesterol or triglyceride levels after ART initiation.