Laser-assisted delivery enhances topical uptake of the anticancer agent cisplatin.

Systemic chemotherapy with the anticancer agent cisplatin is approved for advanced non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), but topical treatment is limited by insufficient cutaneous penetration. We studied the impact of ablative fractional laser (AFL) exposure on topical cisplatin's pharmacokinetics and biodistribution in skin, using microscopic ablation zones reaching the mid- (MAZ-MD; 620 mu m depth) and deep dermis (MAZ-DD; 912 mu m depth) (lambda=10,600nm, 196 MAZ/cm(2)). Assessed in an in vitro Franz cell model after 0.5-, 4-, 24h topical exposure (n=8), cisplatin delivery was greatly accelerated by AFL, shown by quantitative- and imaging-based inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). After 30 minutes, cisplatin concentrations were 91.5, 90.8 and 37.8 mu g/cm(3) in specific 100-, 500, and 1500 mu m skin layers respectively, contrasting to 8.08, 3.12, 0.64 mu g/cm(3) in non-laser-exposed control skin (p<.001; control vs MAZ-MD). Supported by element bioimaging, the greatest relative increases occurred in the deep skin compartment and at later time points. After 24h, cisplatin concentrations thus rose to 1829, 1732 and 773 mu g/cm(3), representing a 25-, 103- and 447-fold enhancement in the 100, 500, and 1500 mu m deep skin layers versus corresponding controls (p<.001; MAZ-MD). A significant difference in cutaneous uptake using MAZ-MD and MAZ-DD was not shown at any time point, though deeper laser channels resulted in increased transdermal cisplatin permeation (p <=.015). In conclusion, AFL is a rapid, practical and existing skin treatment that may provide greatly enhanced uptake of topical cisplatin for treatment of superficial and deep skin cancer.