Optogenetic manipulation of intracellular calcium by BACCS promotes differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells.

Bone remodeling is maintained through the balance between bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts. Previous studies suggested that intracellular Ca2+ signaling plays an important role in the differentiation of osteoblasts; however, the molecular mechanism of Ca2+ signaling in the differentiation of osteoblasts remains unclear. To elucidate the effect of Ca2+ signaling in osteoblasts, we employed an optogenetic tool, blue light-activated Ca2+ channel switch (BACCS). BACCS was used to spatiotemporally control intracellular Ca2+ with blue light stimulation. MC3T3-E1 cells, which have been used as a model of differentiation from preosteoblast to osteoblast, were promoted to differentiate by BACCS expression and rhythmical blue light stimulation. The results indicated that intracellular Ca2+ change from the outside of the cells can regulate signaling for differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Our findings provide evidence that Ca2+ could cause osteoblast differentiation.