Distribution and quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds in fractions of Japonica and Indica rice

•Twelve main phenolic compounds (PC) were identified in different rice varieties.•Bran and husk provide more than 90% of PC and antioxidant activity of whole rice.•Ferulic acid, gallic acid and protocatechuic acid were the highest 3 PCs in rice bran.•P-Hydroxybenzaldehyde was the main PC existed in rice husk (14.46–23.72 μg·g−1).•Japonica rice has significant higher PC and antioxidant activity than Indica rice.