What is the Most Accurate Radiographic Criterion to Determine Anterior Cervical Fusion?

•We compared the accuracy of four radiographic anterior cervical fusion criteria.•ExGBB criterion demonstrated the highest reliability and accuracy.•ISM criterion has comparable accuracy to the CT scan as initial diagnostic test.•Bridging bone and InGBB criteria were less accurate in case used cage We recommend ISM and ExGBB criteria to increase accuracy in case used cage.