i2b2 implemented over SMART-on-FHIR.

Integrating Biology and the Bedside (i2b2) is the de-facto open-source medical tool for cohort discovery. Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) is a new standard for exchanging health care information electronically. Substitutable Modular third-party Applications (SMART) defines the SMART-on-FHIR specification on how applications shall interface with Electronic Health Records (EHR) through FHIR. Related work made it possible to produce FHIR from an i2b2 instance or made i2b2 able to store FHIR datasets. In this paper, we extend i2b2 to search remotely into one or multiple SMART-on-FHIR Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). This enables the federation of queries, security, terminology mapping, and also bridges the gap between i2b2 and modern big-data technologies.