[Efficacy and safety of specific sublingual immunotherapy in children with allergic asthma and rhinitis].

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of specific sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) with Dermatophagoides farina drops in different courses with allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis.This study retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of SLIT in 158 children with allergic asthma and rhinitis which induced by house dust mites. The children were treated with Dermatophagoides farina drops; clinical observation and follow-up study were conducted. According to the treatment duration, children were divided into 4 groups (1-year, 2-year, 3-year, and 4-year). Symptom scores and medication scores were recorded at each visit. Asthma symptom scores (day and night), the rhinitis symptom scoresand medication scores were evaluated in 4 groups before and after SLIT. The adverse events during the treatment were collected.There were significant differences in asthma symptom scores (day, night), asthma medication scores, rhinitis symptom scores, rhinitis medication scores among children who accepted 1-year, 2-year, 3-year and 4-year SLI treatment as compared with baseline (< 0.01). As compared with 1-year, 2-year, 3-year groups, the asthma medication scores of 4-year group had obviously decrease (< 0.05). Rhinitis medication score of SLIT3 years group was significantly lower than 2 years group (< 0.05). Asthma symptom scores in the day, asthma symptom scores at night, rhinitis symptom scores of four groups children had no statistically significant difference (>0.05).Different courses of sublingual immunotherapy with Dermatophagoides farina drops had significant effects; the 4-year course of treatment showed the best effect.