Temporally dissociable effects of ketamine on neuronal discharge and gamma oscillations in rat thalamo-cortical networks.

•PCP and ketamine differentially affect thalamo-cortical activity in anesthetized rats.•As PCP, ketamine inhibits GABA neurons of the reticular thalamic nucleus.•Unlike PCP, ketamine does not excite MD/CM nuclei excitatory neurons.•Ketamine also inhibits layer VI pyramidal neurons in medial prefrontal cortex.•In parallel, ketamine enhances gamma band power and reduces delta band power.