Mycetoma in the Togolese: An Update from a Single-Center Experience

Background Mycetoma is a chronic inflammatory process caused either by fungi (eumycetoma) or bacteria (actinomycetoma). In this retrospective study, we report epidemiologic and histopathological data of mycetoma observed in the Lome Hospital, Togo in a 25-year period (1992–2016). Methodology This is a retrospective study, over a period of 25 years, to analyze epidemiological and etiological findings of mycetomas seen in the single laboratory of pathological anatomy of the Lomé, Togo. Results A total of 61 cases were retrieved from which only 33 cases were included which where clinically and microbiologically confirmed. The mean age of the patients was 29.7 ± 1.34 and a sex ratio (M/F) of 1.5. The majority of patients were farmers ( n = 23 cases; 69.7%). Diagnosed etiologic agents were fungal in 24 cases (72.7%) and actinomycotic cases in 9 cases (27.3%). The fungal mycetomas consisted of Madurella mycetomatis (black grains) and Falcifomispora senegaliensis (black grains). The actinomycotic agents were represented by Actinomadura madurae (white grains), Actinomadurae pelletieri (red grains) and Nocardia sp. (yellow grains). Conclusion This report represents a single-center study which provides epidemiologic and histopathological data of mycetoma cases in Togo.