Effect of socket grafting with deproteinized bone mineral: An RCT on dimensional alterations after 6 months.

ObjectiveTo examine if (i) characteristics of the fresh extraction socket site influenced subsequent dimensional alterations and (ii) placement of deproteinized bovine mineral in the socket affected volumetric change during healing. Materials and methodsTwenty seven subjects and 28 extraction sites were included. Immediately after the removal of the tooth and after 6months of healing, stone and virtual models of the jaw were produced. A cone beam computerized tomography scan was obtained immediately after extraction and the thickness of the buccal bone wall at the extraction site was measured. Extraction sites were randomly assigned to test or control group. In the test group, extraction sockets were filled with deproteinized bone mineral and covered with a collagen membrane. In the control group, only a collagen membrane was placed. ResultsThe thickness of the buccal bone wall at the extraction site influenced the amount of volume reduction that occurred. Socket grafting influenced the degree of ridge diminution only at sites where the buccal bone wall was thin ( 1mm). ConclusionA graft comprised of collagen-enriched deproteinized bovine bone mineral, placed to fill extraction sockets failed to influence the overall diminution of the ridge that occurred during healing. The thickness of the buccal bone wall apparently had a significant influence on volumetric alterations of the edentulous ridge following tooth extraction.