Downregulation of Lnc-Spry1 mediates TGF- β -induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition by transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of regulatory genes that participate in a wide range of biological processes, including proliferation, differentiation and development, as well as in a broad spectrum of diseases. Although the role of lncRNAs in TGF- β -induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been well established, little is known about the role of lncRNAs as immediate-early regulators of EMT. Here lnc-Spry1 is identified as an immediate-early regulator of EMT that is downregulated by TGF- β . It is also found that knockdown of lnc-Spry1 promotes a mesenchymal-like phenotype and results in increased cell migration and invasion. In addition, it is shown that lnc-Spry1 depletion preferentially affects the expression of TGF- β -regulated gene targets. Moreover, lnc-Spry1 associates with U2AF65 splicing factor, suggesting a role in alternative splicing. Depletion of lnc-Spry1 induces, as TGF- β , isoform switching of fibroblast growth factor receptors, resulting in FGF-2-sensitive cells. Taken together, these results show that lnc-Spry1 could act as an early mediator of TGF- β signaling and reveal different roles for a lncRNA in modulating transcriptional and posttranscriptional gene expression