Retroperitoneal laparoscopic pyelolithotomy in renal pelvic stone versus open surgery - a comparative study.

Clujul medical (1957)（2018）

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摘要

Laparoscopic surgery reduces analgesic requirements, hospital stay, and blood loss. The disadvantages include the reduced working space, the cost of equipment and the availability of a trained surgeon.

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关键词

extrarenal pelvis,kidney calculi,laparoscopy,non invasive surgery,retroperitoneum

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