Antitubercular Nitroimidazoles Revisited: Synthesis and Activity of the Authentic 3-Nitro Isomer of Pretomanid.

A published study of structural features associated with the aerobic and anaerobic activities of 4- and 5-nitroimidazoles had found that the 3-nitro isomer of pretomanid, , displayed interesting potencies, including against nitroreductase mutant . However, recent nuclear magnetic resonance analyses of two trace byproducts, isolated from early process optimization studies toward a large-scale synthesis of pretomanid, raised structural assignment queries, particularly for , stimulating further investigation. Following our discovery that the reported compound was a 6-nitroimidazooxazole derivative, we developed a synthesis of authentic via nitration of the chiral des-nitro imidazooxazine alcohol in trifluoroacetic or acetic anhydride, and verified its identity through an X-ray crystal structure. Unfortunately, displayed no antitubercular activity (MICs > 128 μM), whereas the second byproduct (3'-methyl pretomanid) was eight-fold more potent than pretomanid in the aerobic assay. These findings further clarify target specificities for bicyclic nitroimidazoles, which may become important in the event of any future clinical resistance.