Salt-related structure geologic model of Pre-Caspian Basin and analysis on imaging capability

The Pre-Caspian Basin is one of the most prolific petroliferous basins in Kazakhstan. However, the hydrocarbon reservoir is always located in salt dome and pre-salt structures. The salt-related structure is so complex that it is difficult to obtain the satisfied imaging results. In order to improve the imaging precision and provide authentic amplitude information to reservoir prediction, we should analyze the imaging and amplitude preserving capability between different migration methods. According to actual geologic and reservoir characteristics, we design a typical complex salt-related structure model of the basin. Based on the forward modelling seismic record, we compare the one-way wave-equation pre-stack depth migration (WPDM) and pre-stack reverse-time depth migration (RTM). The results show that RTM can greatly improve the imaging quality of salt dome, but its improvement for the pre-salt structures is small compared with WPDM. Both methods are equally capable of preserving seismic reflection characteristics that affected mainly by the lateral variation of overlying strata.