Axially Modulated Cylindrical Metasurface Leaky-Wave Antennas

This letter addresses the design and analysis of cylindrical one-dimensional leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) in which the surface impedance is modulated along the axis of the cylinder. The surface impedance modulation function for these LWAs is obtained using the holographic principle. The effect of the curvature for the radiation characteristics of the antenna are explained by projecting the curved aperture of the antenna onto a planar aperture. An analytical model is developed to predict the radiation characteristics of the antenna. The utilization of these antennas for automotive radar applications is examined in some detail. The effect of painting the antenna surface, and used as a cover, is predicted using a transmission line model.