Bounds of mmWave-Based Ranging and Positioning in Multipath Channels

In this paper, we investigate the accuracy of millimeter-wave (mmWave)-based ranging and positioning in multipath channels. The agent is equipped with massive phased uniform rectangular array (URA) and multiple anchors are considered in localization networks to pursue a higher accuracy. Fundamental limits of both ranging and positioning associated with 3D mmWave transmission and massive URA are derived by Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) in multipath channels. Furthermore, the relationship between the fundamental bound of range estimation and that of position estimation is theoretically clarified. Numerical results show that the proposed scenario achieves a millimeter (mm)-level accuracy for short-distance ranging and positioning in multipath channels.