Stiffness Perception During Active Ankle and Knee Movement.

Objective: Recently, human joint impedance-the instantaneous mechanical response to a perturbation-has been quantified during gait, providing new insight beyond the traditional biomechanical descriptions of kinetics and kinematics. However, the role of joint impedance in neuromotor control and the development of exoskeletons and other wearable robotic systems remains unknown. One approach to study...