Pleural Effusion Caused By Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Immunotherapy For Bladder Cancer

Intravesical bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) instillation has been used as immunotherapy for early stage bladder cancer for >40 years. Complications from this therapy are rare but may result in a spectrum of infectious sequelae. Here we describe the case of an elderly man who presented with a pleural effusion and subcutaneous nodule several years after treatment with BCG.