Nicotine, adolescence, and stress: A review of how stress can modulate the negative consequences of adolescent nicotine abuse.

•Stress during adolescence has been identified as a risk factor for the initiation of tobacco use and in the decision to start smoking adolescents.•Stress during adolescence may further augment the rewarding properties of nicotine and alters behavioral responses to nicotine later in life.•To reduce the prevalence of smoking it is important to consider ways for adolescents to manage stress to minimize the risk of smoking initiation.