Implementation Of Tuberculosis Intensive Case Finding, Isoniazid Preventive Therapy, And Infection Control ("Three I'S") And Hiv-Tuberculosis Service Integration In Lower Income Countries

SettingWorld Health Organization advocates for integration of HIV-tuberculosis (TB) services and recommends intensive case finding (ICF), isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT), and infection control ("Three I's") for TB prevention and control among persons living with HIV.ObjectiveTo assess the implementation of the "Three I's" of TB-control at HIV treatment sites in lower income countries.DesignSurvey conducted between March-July, 2012 at 47 sites in 26 countries: 6 (13%) Asia Pacific, 7 (15%), Caribbean, Central and South America, 5 (10%) Central Africa, 8 (17%) East Africa, 14 (30%) Southern Africa, and 7 (15%) West Africa.