Antidiabetic and antiradical activities of plants from Venezuelan Amazon

The aqueous and ethanol extracts derived from twelve plant species collected in the Venezuelan Amazon have been tested for antioxidant activity using a DPPH radical and inhibitory effect on the hydrolysis of glucose-6-phosphate in intact and disrupted microsomes. Without exception, all the extracts inhibited, to a greater or lesser degree, microsomal G-6-Pase enzymatic. activity, resulting in greater inhibition on intact microsomes than on disrupted ones. Marked effects were observed for aqueous and ethanol extracts of: Tontelea ovalifolia, Gustavia pulchra, Phthirusa verruculosa, Phthirusa castillana, Psittacanthus acimarius, Tetrapterys styloptyera and Vismia japurensis. Ethanol extracts were more effective DPPH radical scavengers than the corresponding aqueous extracts in all the cases. The ethanol. extract of Endlicheria anomala and the aqueous extract of Phthirusa verruculosa, showed the best IC50 with 100 and 250.0 ppm, respectively. The Kobs calculated for the alcoholic extracts were lower than those of the aqueous extracts for the same,species, except Psittacanthus acimarius. These results could be related to different concentrations, or more likely different compositions of active principles in both extracts.