Thyroid hormones: Possible roles in epilepsy pathology

•Thyroid hormones play essential roles in the brain physiological processes.•Epilepsy is accompanied with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress.•Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are linked with thyroid dysfunction.•Inhibitory/excitatory imbalance is common between epilepsy and thyroid dysfunction.•Several genes are influenced by thyroid hormones and are involved in the epilepsy.