Low Frequency Stimulation (Quenching) Affects Amygdala Kindling-Induced Gene Expression in Rat Brain

s / Brain Stimulation 8 (2015) 412e427 414 Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) efficacy and cognitive side effects remain influenced by several parameters including electrodes position and configuration, the applied current intensity, duration, and polarity. We report on latest development in FEAST and its mechanisms of actions. Method: Patients were treated with FEAST using a modified MECTA spECTrum 5000Q device (MECTA Corp, Tualatin, Oregon) and following the same anesthesia protocol. Titration and 2 treatment sessions at 6 times seizure threshold (6*ST) involved a simultaneous 64 channel EEG recording (Neuroscan, Compumedics). We derived the non-linear dynamic interaction models from modified neuronal population activity models whose dynamics can reproduce basic features of ECT-induced seizures within local areas and across distant cortical areas. We applied the Square-Root Cubature Kalman filter in three EEG states: baseline under general anesthesia, ictal and post-ictal. This yielded the functional connectivity between right and left frontal and parietal regions. In addition, we computed the global power relative to baseline for ictal and post-ictal phases. Results: To date, we acquired 28 recordings from 10 patients with major depressive disorder (4 females, age 1⁄4 44.5 10 years). These included 8 titration sessions (28.7 10 mC), 10 6*ST direct polarity and 10 6*ST reversed polarity (172.8 59.48 mC). Right frontal region showed a significant difference in relative ictal power changes from baseline between titration and treatment sessions (-0.16 0.07, -0.26 0.09, p1⁄40.037). Post-ictal parameters showed an enhanced suppression in parietal regions with reversed polarity. Conclusions: This innovative research highlights the regional relationships of ictal and post-ictal activity with FEAST. FEAST is clearly initiating seizure activity in the frontal region (right u003e left). Ongoing analyses are focusing on regional interactions and detailed power spectra. Future work will focus on comparing FEAST with more classic ECT modalities and relationship to clinical outcomes.