Are There Contraindications for Percutaneous Extracorporal Life Support (ECLS) in Critical Patients with Therapy-Refractory Cardiogenic Shock?

Objectives: ECLS transport-systems made percutaneous femoral implantation on-scene possible. Implantation is feasible in the emergency department, cathlab or referring hospital, while cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) but also in conscious patients. So far, indication and contraindication criteria are debated and rare data concerning risk factors of mortality exist.