All-Analog Structures for AF Relaying in mmWave Massive MIMO Systems

Hybrid analog/digital (A/D) beamforming is preferred in the implementation of relays for mmWave massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) systems due to the smaller number of radio frequency (RF) chains required compared to fully digital (FD) beamforming. Although the hybrid structure reduces system cost and power consumption, it still requires expensive baseband processing while the unit-mod...