Wireless sensor network for remote monitoring of parameters in distribution points of district utilities for heat and water

Rigorous monitoring of technological parameters optimizes the activities and reduces energy losses in distribution points of heat and water from utility companies. Extra efficiency can be achieved by remote monitoring via Internet or GSM communications and using networks of wireless sensors for collecting data. Presented paper focuses on hardware and software design aspects of wireless sensors for measuring parameters required by water and heat distribution, with focus on flow and temperature measurement. The sensors consist of two modules -one control and communication unit and sensing unit. Sensing unit is specific to measured parameter (flow, temperature, humidity etc.) but control and communication unit is the same for all sensors. Software for sensing unit was developed and tested on a universal electronic module for industrial control. Sensors group together in a plug-and-play wireless mesh network and one of them is connected to an Internet/GSM communication module for remote access. Wireless sensors are battery based devices so energy management issues (hardware and software) play a big role in sensor design. Current consumption of different configurations and in different operation states is analyzed.