Um novo ecótipo de Mikania glomerata Spreng. (Asteraceae) rico em óleo essencial no sul do Brasil

The guaco (Mikania glomerata) is one of the major bioactive plants industrialized in Brazil. Phytoprospection of Mikania access culminated in the discovery of one distinct ecotype of Mikania glomerata. The material was found in the locality Cobrinha de Ouro, in Palhoca, SC, Brazil. Seedlings this ecotype was collected and propagated in order to obtain adult plants for later evaluation. The same procedure was done to a representative array of Mikania glomerata, retrieved in Vila Nova do Moura, in Canelinha, SC, Brazil. After a year of cultivation under controlled conditions and field it was founded strong morphological and productive contrasts among the ecotypes, as well as significant differences in the essential oil yield and terpenes composition in the essential oil. Conventional access was characterized as pinene chemotype (Q-P), with high coumarin content, while access recently discovered was characterized as myrcen/limonene/felandrenechemotype (Q-MLF), with low coumarin content.