Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations Among Reproductive Traits Of Dairy Cows

The objective of this work was to estimate the genetic and phenotypic correlations among fertility traits of 317 Holstein Friesian and Brown Swiss cows. Cows were born and reared under subtropical conditions, during a 20-year period (1986 to 2006), and were daughters of 116 sires and 199 dams. The study was carried out in Las Margaritas research station, in Hueytamalco, Puebla, Mexico, which belongs to the Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP). Fertility traits studied were: days to first service after calving (DFS), calving interval (CI), days open (DO), number of services per conception (NSC) and conception rate at first service (CR). Genetic correlations were estimated with a two-trait animal model (bivariate analysis), which included individual additive genetic effect as a sole random effect. Main fixed effects were: calving year, calving season and breed of cow. Analyses were carried out with restricted maximum likelihood, using an algorithm free of derivatives. In general, fertility traits were favorably and strongly correlated genetically. Estimates of genetic correlations for DFS-CI, DFS-DO, DFS-NSC, CI-DO, CI-NSC, and DO-NSC were positive (0,89, 0,89, 0,25, 0,90, 0,59 and 0,97, respectively), while all estimates of genetic correlations that included conception rate to first service (DFS-CR, CI-CR, DO-CR, NSC-CR) were negative (-0,45, -0,62, -0,72, -0,85). The high estimates of genetic correlations between CI and DFS or DO indicate that selection for less DFS or DO would reduce CI.