Research Advances on Soil Formation of Bauxite Residues

赤泥是氧化铝工业生产过程中产生的高碱性废弃物，综合利用难度大，全球赤泥堆存量超过30亿吨，赤泥处置已成为限制氧化铝工业发展的瓶颈问题。论文在综合国内外氧化铝行业赤泥堆存现状和综合利用技术的基础上，分析了赤泥土壤化处置过程的基质改良、耐性植物筛选、环境风险防控等研究方向存在的问题，提出了赤来赤泥土壤化处置技术研究关注的主要研究方向，这将为解决氧化铝工业生产过程赤泥的减排问题，维护金属矿冶区的生态安全提供科学依据。 Bauxite residue mud (red mud) is an alkaline, saline-sodic byproduct of the Bayer process, in which alumina is extracted from bauxite. Global residue inventory will reach an estimated 3.0 billion tonnes in 2014. How to dispose the huge amount of bauxite residue is still a troublesome problem. Based on storage and utilization of bauxite residue, this paper discusses the problem of substrate amendment of bauxite residues, screening of tolerant plant species and microbe, and environment risk management in soil formation in bauxite residue. Further researches on soil formation of bauxite residues are proposed as well.