Factors of ability, communication, grievances, and personal optimism as predictors of student satisfaction, involvement, and alienation: An ecological dissonance interpretation

The present study examined the variables of ability, communication, grievances, and personal optimism as predictors of student satisfaction, involvement, and alienation. Weak but statistically significant correlations occurred between openness of communication and alienation (r = −.11), personal optimism and involvement (r = −.16), and grievances and student satisfaction (r = −.17). It was concluded that these results could have been loosely deduced from ecological dissonance theory (Miller, Topping, & Wells-Parker, 1989).