Effects of Dietary Effective Microorganism (EM) on Growth Performance, Microflora Population and Noxious Gas Emission in Broiler

본 연구는 유용미생물의 첨가가 육계의 생산성과 장내 미생물 균총, 유해가스 발생량에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위하여 육계(ROSS308) 720수를 공시하여 6처리 4반복으로 반복 당 30수씩 완전임의 배치하여 자유 섭식케 하였으며, 35일간 전기(0~3주), 후기(4~5주)로 나누어 실시하였다. 처리구는 대조구(무항생제 처리구), 항생제구, 0.1% 생균제, EM은 0.1, 0.5, 1.0% 등 총 6개로 하였다. 사양실험에서 체중, 증체량, 사료섭취량은 전체 사육기간에 처리구간 통계적인 차이는 없었지만, 사료 요구율은 EM 처리구에서 유의하게(P<0.05) 개선되었으며, total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TRG), glucose(GLU), total protein(TP), calcium(CA), aspartate aminotransferase(AST)와 alanine aminotransferase(ALT)는 처리구간에 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았고, white blood cell(WBC), hemoglobin(Hb), heterophils(HE), lymphocyte(LY), monocytes(MO) 및 eosinophils(EO)는 처리구 간에 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다. HE : LY 비율은 EM 첨가구들이 유의적으로(P<0.05) 개선되었으며, 소장 내 Lactobacillus 함량은 EM 처리구에서 현저하게(P<0.05) 증가하였으며, E. coli와 Salmonella에서는 처리구 간에 통계적인 차이는 없었다. 또한 분변 내 암모니아 가스와 이산화탄소 배출은 EM 첨가구들이 유의하게(P<0.05) 감소하였다. 본 실험 결과, EM 첨가는 육계에서 사료 요구율을 개선하였으며, 소장 내 미생물 균총과 유해가스 배출에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with the effective microorganism (EM) on the growth performance, blood parameter, small intestinal microflora, and noxious gas emission of broilers. A total 720 1-d old ROSS 308 was randomly assigned to 6 dietary treatment groups: control, virginiamycin (6 mg/kg), 0.1% PB 0.1% EM, 0.5% EM, and 1.0% EM. Each treatment was fed to 4 replicates of 30 birds per diet for d 35. Two-phase feeding program with a starter diet from 0 to 3 wk, and a finisher diet from 4 to 5 wk was used in the experiment. Within each phase, a diet was formulated to meet or exceed NRC requirements of broilers for macro- and micronutrients. The diet and water were available ad libitum. Result indicated that during overall periods of the experiment, final weight, body weight gain, and feed intake were not different among dietary treatments. Feed conversion ratio was less (P<0.05) for EM treatments than control, antibiotics, and PB. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TRG), glucose (GLU), total protein (TP), calcium (CA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were not different among dietary treatments. White blood cell (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb), heterophils (HE), lymphocyte (LY), monocytes (MO), and eosinophils (EO) were not different among dietary treatments. HE:LY was less (P<0.05) for EM0.5 treatments than control, antibiotics, and PB. Lactobacillus was greater (P<0.05) for EM treatments than control and antibiotics. E. coli and Salmonella were not different among dietary treatments. $NH_3$ and $CO_2$ wereless (P<0.05) for EM treatments than control. These results indicated that EM treatments were effective feed conversion ratio, noxious gas emission and micro flora population on the cecum in broilers.