When is recall higher than recognition?

Sixteen Ss learned a list of 48 paired words (A-B pairs) to a criterion of two perfect trials and were then tested for the recognition of B-members of all pairs. Approximately 10% of the learned words were not correctly identified in the recognition test. These data show that recall is higher than recognition when retrieval cues present at the recall test are more effective in providing access to stored information than are retrieval cues present at the recognition test.